Understanding Your Sources of Retirement Income

Planning for retirement doesn’t stop when you reach your last day of work. In fact, one of the most important aspects of retirement is knowing where your income will come from—and how to manage it wisely.

While everyone’s situation is unique, most retirees draw from a combination of income sources. Understanding these can help you feel more confident and in control of your financial future.

Social Security Benefits

For many Americans, Social Security provides a foundational income stream. While it likely won't cover all your retirement expenses, it's a reliable monthly benefit. The amount you receive is based on your earnings history and the age at which you begin taking benefits. Waiting until full retirement age—or even later—can increase your monthly payout. It's important to coordinate your Social Security strategy with your other income sources to maximize its impact.

Employer-Sponsored Retirement Plans

If you participated in a 401(k), 403(b), or similar plan through your employer, this can be a significant piece of your retirement income. Depending on how you've invested those funds and how the market has performed, your account may be a substantial asset. These plans typically allow you to start taking distributions at age 59½ without penalty, though Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) must begin by age 73 (or 75, depending on your birth year).

IRAs and Roth IRAs

Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) are another common retirement income tool. Traditional IRAs grow tax-deferred, while Roth IRAs offer tax-free withdrawals in retirement (assuming requirements are met). One advantage of Roth IRAs is that they are not subject to RMDs during your lifetime, making them a flexible planning tool. How and when you withdraw from these accounts can have tax implications, so it’s wise to consult a financial professional.

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Pensions

Though less common today, some retirees still receive pension income, especially those who worked in public service or for large corporations. Pensions typically provide a fixed monthly payment for life. If you're eligible, be sure to understand your payout options—some plans offer lump-sum distributions or survivor benefits that may be worth evaluating in the context of your broader plan.

Annuities

Annuities can provide a guaranteed stream of income for life or a set number of years, offering peace of mind for retirees concerned about outliving their savings. There are various types—fixed, variable, and indexed—each with its pros and cons. Annuities are especially valuable when paired with other sources of income that may fluctuate, like investments.

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Investments and Other Savings

Many retirees also rely on taxable investment accounts, savings accounts, or even rental income. While these assets don't come with the same tax advantages as retirement-specific accounts, they offer flexibility. The key is to manage withdrawals carefully to maintain long-term sustainability and tax efficiency.

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Bringing It All Together

A successful retirement income strategy blends these sources in a way that meets your lifestyle goals, minimizes taxes, and adapts as your needs change. Whether you're already retired or still planning, it’s never too early—or too late—to get a clear picture of your income sources and how to use them wisely.

If you’d like to review your retirement income plan or explore strategies to make your money last, we’re here to help.